Summary
Objective
To determine the effects of acute (≤7 days) femoral head ischemia on the proximal
femoral growth plate and metaphysis in a piglet model of Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease
(LCPD). We hypothesized that qualitative and quantitative histological assessment
would identify effects of ischemia on endochondral ossification.
Design
Unilateral femoral head ischemia was surgically induced in piglets, and femurs were
collected for histological assessment at 2 (n=7) or 7 (n=5) days post-ischemia. Samples
were assessed qualitatively, and histomorphometry of the growth plate zones and primary
spongiosa was performed. In a subset of samples at 7 days, hypertrophic chondrocytes
were quantitatively assessed and immunohistochemistry for TGFβ1 and Indian hedgehog
was performed.
Results
By 2 days post-ischemia, there was significant thinning of the proliferative and hypertrophic
zones, by 63 μm (95%CI -103, -22) and -19 μm (95%CI -33, -5), respectively. This thinning
persisted at 7 days post-ischemia. Likewise, at 7 days post-ischemia, the primary
spongiosa was thinned to absent by an average of 311 μm (95%CI -542, -82) in all ischemic
samples. TGFβ1 expression was increased in the hypertrophic zone at 7 days post-ischemia.
Conclusions
Alterations to the growth plate zones and metaphysis occurred by 2 days post-ischemia
and persisted at 7 days post-ischemia. Our findings suggest that endochondral ossification
may be disrupted at an earlier time point than previously reported and that growth
disruption may occur in the piglet model as occurs in some children with LCPD.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Accepted:
January 17,
2023
Received in revised form:
December 27,
2022
Received:
September 6,
2022
Publication stage
In Press Journal Pre-ProofIdentification
Copyright
© 2023 Osteoarthritis Research Society International. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
