Summary
Objective
To review articles reporting on the development of soluble biomarkers in osteoarthritis
(OA) over the past year.
Design
Two literature searches were conducted using the PubMed database for articles published
between April 1, 2021 and March 31, 2022. Two searches were done, one on soluble biomarkers
and another on circulating non-coding RNAs in OA. Additional articles were hand-picked
to highlight emerging biomarker trends in OA.
Results
Of 348 publications retrieved, we included 20 articles with 3 that were hand-picked
for the narrative synthesis. We review recent data on soluble biomarkers and circulating
non-coding microRNAs in OA using the BIPED classification system. We highlight studies
using proteomics to show that cartilage acidic protein 1 (CRTAC1) is a promising biomarker,
helping diagnose and estimate severity in hand, hip, and knee OA. Subtle changes in
the structure of glycosaminoglycans from the extracellular cartilage matrix were shown
to discriminate OA from non-OA cartilage. C-reactive protein metabolite (CRPM) and
collagen metabolites may help discriminate subsets of OA patients as well as disease
progression. Additionally, physical activity may impact determination of biomarkers.
We also report on circulating microRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs in OA and their predictive
accuracy in diagnosis and prognosis.
Conclusions
Biomarkers for routine use are still an unmet need in the OA clinical scenario. Emerging
data and novel classes of biomarkers (i.e., non-coding RNAs) show promise. Although
still requiring validation in multiple independent cohorts, the past year brought
advances towards a ready-to-use, reproducible, cost-effective biomarker, namely CRTAC1,
to better manage the OA patient.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: September 27, 2022
Accepted:
September 20,
2022
Received:
July 27,
2022
Identification
Copyright
© 2022 Osteoarthritis Research Society International. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
