Osteoarthritis and Cartilage
Volume 20, Issue 2 , Pages 69-78, February 2012

MRI of weight bearing and movement

  • L.M. Shapiro

      Affiliations

    • Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
    • Grant Building Room S062, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
    • ,
  • G.E. Gold

      Affiliations

    • Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
    • Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
    • Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
    • Corresponding Author InformationAddress correspondence and reprint requests to: Garry E. Gold, Department of Radiology, Stanford University, 1201 Welch Road P271, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. Tel: 1-650-736-7518 (office); Fax: 1-650-725-7296.

Received 16 March 2011; accepted 4 November 2011. published online 22 December 2011.

Summary 

Conventional, static magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is able to provide a vast amount of information regarding the anatomy and pathology of the musculoskeletal system. However, patients, especially those whose pain is position dependent or elucidated by movement, may benefit from more advanced imaging techniques that allow for the acquisition of functional information. This manuscript reviews a variety of advancements in MRI techniques that are used to image the musculoskeletal system dynamically, while in motion or under load. The methodologies, advantages and drawbacks of stress MRI, cine-phase contrast MRI and real-time MRI are discussed as each has helped to advance the field by providing a scientific basis for understanding normal and pathological musculoskeletal anatomy and function. Advancements in dynamic MR imaging will certainly lead to improvements in the understanding, prevention, diagnosis and treatment of musculoskeletal disorders. It is difficult to anticipate that dynamic MRI will replace conventional MRI, however, dynamic MRI may provide additional valuable information to findings of conventional MRI.

Keywords: Magnetic resonance imaging, Dynamic imaging, Kinematics

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PII: S1063-4584(11)00308-6

doi:10.1016/j.joca.2011.11.003

Osteoarthritis and Cartilage
Volume 20, Issue 2 , Pages 69-78, February 2012

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